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TechTalk: Celebrating Software Freedom Day
On this Software Freedom Day, here is Free Software explained to the common man | By Ashik Kalam
On Sep 18, 2010

 

Free Software is not software available free of cost. It is software, which can be used, studied and modified without restriction and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form without restriction.

Free software is different from freeware which is available free of charge, but the author of a freeware may retain all the rights of the software. A free software has its source code (human-readable form of the program) made available to the user for modification and redistribution. Most free software are available free of cost.

The free software movement was started by Richard Stallman in 1983 to ensure that a software user may have the freedom to run, study, change,improve and redistribute a software. Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to support the free software movement.

The first formal definition of free software was published by FSF in February 1986.That definition, written by Richard Stallman, states that a user of a free software has the following freedoms:
  • Freedom 0: The freedom to run the program for any purpose.
  • Freedom 1: The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.
  • Freedom 2: The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor.
  • Freedom 3: The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements (and modified versions in general) to the public, so that the whole community benefits.

What gives free software the edge over proprietary software?

The power of sharing free of cost

As far as a common user is concerned, he gets access to a wide array of software, which can be shared with others. There is no entry barrier of cost or license. Free software is like knowledge that can be shared. In a developing country like India, the low cost (often no cost at all) associated with free software is a big plus.

Freedom to modify

As far as a software developer is concerned, free software gives him the power to access the source code, modify it and use the software in a way that he likes to use it. This is unlike proprietary software, where one can just use the tool in a way the manufacturer intends it to be used.

 

The quality factor

There is also a quality factor associated with free software. Linux has the most used source code in the world. People who come across glitches in it have the freedom to rectify it an and redistribute it. Compare that to a proprietary software (say Windows) where only a team of developers try catching and removing errors. Its the power of many against few.

Celebrating Software Freedom Day

"Free software is slowly but continuously gaining popularity and momentum. Once a critical momentum is attained, there wont be any looking back," says Anoop John, a free software user and activist.

The teenager whose only concern is to be able to play the latest games in his PC may ask: "Will I be able to play the latest games in Linux?"

It is just a matter of time before software companies start developing games and software for Linux too. Because soon, market share (the number of users) of Linux will reach a number they can't afford to ignore.

The free software scene in Kerala is pretty promising. The state government has taken a big leap in adopting free software officially.

"I think the fact that there are multiple SFD celebrations in parts of Kerala is an attestation to the fact that we are a free thinking people. No other state in India has more active Free software support groups. When we started FSUG (Free Software Users Group), Trivandrum in 2007, we never thought that things would scale to this proportion. I would thank my following people for making things the way it is now - The Government of Kerala, for their open adoption of Free Software; the free software activists, who realised that this was not just about "software" but also the freedom in the digital world, and most importantly, the Hackers without whom any of this would not have been possible... By the way, did you know that the biggest hacker group from India is the Swathanthra Malayalam Computing?," asks Ashik Salahudeen, one of the pioneer Free Sofware activists in the state.

Happy SFD all! Celebrate the freedom, and if you cannot contribute by any means, encourage and adopt free software.

(Ashik Kalam with inputs from Anoop John)
ashik.kalam@yentha.com


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